Is it technically possible for a corporation to commit treason?

Your question is based in "any given nation." Any given nation can write its criminal code any way it wishes. If some nation enacts a criminal code that prohibits certain conduct by corporations, and provides for a criminal sentence (such as imprisoning all the stockholders), the ability of that nation to enact such a code is determined by governing laws of that nation. In the u.s., the governing law is the Constitution. There is no universal limit on the legislative body of all nations.